NATO STO

SET-229 on “Cooperative Navigation in GNSS Degraded and Denied Environments” was formed to explore technologies that will enhance NATO military effectiveness, particularly in challenging indoor and urban environments, through the use of advanced, cooperative/collaborative navigation sensor technologies and integration techniques. In light of intentional (jamming and spoofing) and unintentional GNSS threats, the need for robust and accurate positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) systems in GNSS degraded or denied environments is critical to ensure mission effectiveness and minimize casualties and collateral effects. Unintentional GNSS threats (multipath, shading etc.) are present during operations in urban and indoor environments. There is also a growing need to maintain PNT capabilities in the Anti-Access/Area Denial (A2/AD) environment. In such environments, it may be difficult for NATO forces to gain access to the battlespace and conduct military operations.